12/11/2023 0 Comments Jessica clarke ny ag![]() The following assays were included in these analyses: the OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test (OraSure Technologies, Bethlehem, PA) a third-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA VITROS Anti-HIV 1+2 Test, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Raritan, NJ) a fourth-generation chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay, Abbott Laboratories, Wiesbaden, Germany) a fourth-generation EIA (GS HIV Combo Ag/Ab EIA, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA), a discriminatory assay (the Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Test, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA) and a Western blot assay (Genetics System HIV-1 Western Blot, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA). Test results presented in this report were obtained retrospectively at a centralized laboratory using plasma samples collected at study enrollment and at the 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. 8- 10 In this report, we describe six individuals who acquired HIV infection during a clinical study and had low or undetectable HIV RNA at their first HIV-positive study visit. 7 Viral suppression has also been associated with false-negative results using serologic HIV assays. Viral suppression may complicate HIV diagnosis, since some diagnostic testing algorithms include HIV RNA assays. Relatively little is known about the frequency of viral suppression early in HIV infection. 3, 5, 6 In a recent study, over half of the individuals identified as HIV controllers had undetectable viral loads at seroconversion, and 25% achieved viremic control within six months. 2- 4 Other studies have shown that virologic suppression among HIV controllers is usually established within the first year of HIV infection. ![]() 2 Studies suggest that elite controllers represent <1% of HIV-infected individuals, while viremic controllers represent up to 7%. Low-level viremia in the absence of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs has been observed in elite and viremic HIV controllers who are able to maintain undetectable (<50 copies/mL) or low (50-2,000 copies/mL) viral loads for at least one year without ARV therapy (ART). 1 HIV RNA levels tend to be high during acute HIV infection and then decline in response to the development of HIV-specific antibodies, eventually stabilizing at a viral load set point. HIV infection is classified into different stages by the presence of HIV RNA, viral antigens, and HIV-specific antibodies. ![]()
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